General Information

Official name: Mongolia

Capital: Ulaanbaatar, founded in 1639, population is 800 thousand
Territory:1,566,500 square km
Location: Northern Asia, between China and Russia (landlocked)

Land boundaries: 8.158 km, with Russia 3,485 km and with China 4,673 km
Average altitude:1,580 m above sea level

Terrain

Vast semi-desert and desert plains, mountains in west and south-west, Gobi Desert in south-east

Natural resources

Mongolia has one of Asia's largest freshwater lakes
- Hovsgol and river system. 75.1 percent of territory
- pastureland and 8.0 percent - forest. Vegetation cover
- 2260 species of vascular plants united in 596 genera and 104 families. Fauna - 127 species of mammals, 360 species of birds and 70 species of fishes.

Mineral resources

Over 6,000 occurrences of about 80 different minerals such as ferrous, non-ferrous, light and precious metals, rare metals and rare-earth elements, non-metals, fossil fuel as well as industrial and building materials

Climate

Continental, marked by four seasons. Average summer temperature +20'C, average winter temperature -26'C, average rainfall 200-220 mm. The cold winter season lasts from November to late April, Spring May through June is cool and windy. Summer from July through to September with occasional rain is the best season for travel and outdoor activities. Autumn months are cool but sunny.